My street Photography definition # 3 : About manipulation of the image. 4


 

(English version at the bottom of the page)

Cataclysme dans le petit microcosme de la Street Photography. Un des plus anciens et emblématique collectif, iN-PUBLiC est au bord de l’implosion après de profondes divergences concernant la définition même de la Street Photography. Revenons un peu sur les faits. Dernièrement, une photo faite par  Blake Andrews a été élue photo du mois par des votes des membres. Cette photo a été réalisée en utilisant le mode panoramique de l’iphone puis présentée en format 3/2 classique. On voit très bien que la photo a des perspectives bizarres en plus d’avoir comme des distorsions. Clairement cette photo n’est pas faite pour être présentée de la sorte. Nick Turpin, le fondateur d’ iN-PUBLiC a menacé de quitter le collectif qu’il avait lui même crée. Voire même de mettre un terme à ce collectif en fermant le site internet. Allez zou, on jette l’eau du bain et le bébé ! 

 

 

Revenons un peu à la photo du mois de iN-PUBLiC ? Franchement, plus je la regarde et plus je me dis qu’e c’est une bonne grosse daube et qu’à la rigueur elle ne fait qu’alimenter le débat sur ce qu’est la Street Photography. Si les membres de ce Collectif ont voté pour cette photo pour sa qualité intrinsèque, c’est qu’ils ont des goûts de chiotte ! Ce que je vois ici, c’est juste du Buzz pour faire parler d’eux ou au mieux, une façon de susciter le débat sur la définition de la Street Photography. Il y a quelques mois de ça, je m’étais lancé dans cette entreprise. J’avais déjà jusqu’à présent rédigé deux Blogs sur le sujet. Pas pour définir un quelconque dogme mais pour dire ce que représentait la Street Photography pour moi. D’après les retours que j’ai eu, pas mal de personnes se sont reconnus dans ce que j’avançais. Il est presque impossible d’y apporter une définition gravée dans le marbre tant cette pratique est polymorphe. Il faut prendre le problème à l’envers et au mieux nous pouvons définir ce que la Street Photography n’est pas ! 

 

 

Dans mon précédent Blog, je parlais de Distorsion de la réalité. Cette distorsion apparaît dans l’interprétation que l’on donne à la scène se passant sous ses yeux. La manipulation de l’image n’a plus rien à voir avec la distorsion. Avec les outils actuels, il est assez facile de manipuler les images en rajoutant ou en retirant des éléments pour donner plus de puissance à une photo. Steve McCurry s’est même fait prendre à ce jeu malsain (ici). D’ailleurs depuis, mon estime pour ce photographe est tombé bien bas. Le doute s’est insinué et je ne fais plus confiance à ses photos même les plus emblématiques …  Alors a t’on le droit de manipuler l’image de la sorte ? Certains s’en accommodent et pourraient argumenter en disant que ce sont juste des retouches mineures qui n’enlèvent rien à la qualité de la photo. Perso je ne suis pas de cet avis. La manipulation de l’image ne relève plus de la photographie de rue. Nous nous devons de capturer des moments authentiques avec toutes les imperfections qu’ils comportent. C’est ce qui fait le charme de la photographie de rue. On a pas besoin que ce soit parfait, mais que ce soit vrai. La difficulté de la pratique est de sortir du chaos de la rue des instantanés qui soit lisibles et compréhensibles. Il  y a beaucoup de déchets. La frontière entre une photo ratée et une photo réussie est très mince et très souvent une photo réussie ne tient à pas grand chose.

 

Steve McCurry © busted !

 

La photo du mois de iN-PUBLiC a pourtant été réalisée de manière candid, dans la rue et c’est bien un moment qui a été capturé. Alors photographie de rue ou pas ? La seule manipulation qui a eu lieu est le fruit de l’algorithme de traitement d’image de l’iphone. Blake Andrews a bien capturé ce moment dans la rue et c’est le résultat obtenu. Récemment j’ai interviewé Michael Ernest Sweet qui s’est lui de son côté amusé à prendre des photos avec le Harinezumi qui donne beaucoup de distorsions aux photos. Alors photos de rue ou pas ? Là aussi, ils n’y a pas eu de manipulations de l’image. Le résultat a été généré par le matériel utilisé. D’autres exemples tout bêtes : l’utilisation d’une vitesse lente en photographie de rue avec tout le flou que cela comporte ou encore l’utilisation du flash. Au final Blake Andrews a fonctionné de la même façon. Il a utilisé le matériel qu’il avait à disposition pour faire une photo et il se trouve que c’était l’iphone.

 

 

Le problème auquel nous sommes confrontés maintenant, c’est que la technologie permet de faire beaucoup de choses en post-processing. Trop de choses même. Il y a une grande mode en ce moment dans la photographie de rue, c’est le High Contrast. Que ce soit en couleurs ou en N&B. Moi même j’y cède volontairement car il faut dire que c’est plaisant à l’œil. J’en abuse même, même si j’essaye de m’éloigner de ce genre de photos. Certains ne vont pas aimer ce que je vais dire mais au fond, le High Contrast n’est il pas une manipulation de l’image ? En utilisant cette technique, on simplifie en éliminant se qui se trouve dans les parties sombres, on met en valeur que ce qui nous intéresse et surtout en aucun cas cette scène capturée est fidèle à ce que nos yeux ont vu. C’est comme le N&B. Manipulation ou interprétation de la réalité ? Si je continue sur mon raisonnement, on pourrait me rétorquer que même des ajustements de contrastes, de clarté ou autre relèvent de la manipulation d’image. Disons que tant que les retouches restent subtiles, la question ne se pose pas. Je me fais un peu l’avocat du diable … Quand les retouches transforment complètement la scène, ne peut on pas considérer qu’il y a manipulation de l’image ? On a qu’à poster que des jpegs Straight Out Of the Camera (SOOC), comme ça plus de débat. Sauf que ce n’est pas possible ! Chaque constructeur a son propre algorithme pour les jpegs. Que ce soit Nikon, Canon, Fuji, Pentax/Ricoh ou encore Leica, chaque RAW sera interprété différemment en jpeg. Déjà à l’époque de l’argentique, avec le dodge and burn, on faisait déjà des retouches sur les photos. Rien a changé avec Lightroom au final.

 

 

Exemple de photos utilisant le High Contrast.

 

Avec les nouvelles technologies et les nouveaux modes de prise de vue (bientôt des Google Glass avec possibilité de prendre des photos ?), nous sommes amenés à être confrontés à ce genre de questionnements sur la pratique de la Street Photography. Pour certains, ce débat est stérile. Chacun fixe les règles qu’il veut et s’en contre fiche. L’année dernière, sur le forum de World-Street.Photography, j’avais lancé le débat sur mon ras le bol de voir des photos scénarisées postées sur le site avec le tag “Street Photography” pour avoir l’avis des personnes qui partageaient leurs photos sur cette plateforme. Figurez vous que j’ai eu très peu de réactions sur le sujet. En fait les gens s’en foutent (j’ai depuis arrêté de fréquenter ce site …). Je crois qu’il n’y a plus d’éthique dans ce genre. Le gros problème c’est que la Street Photography devient petit à petit ce fourre-tout où tout s’entrechoque rendant ce label complètement obsolète.

 

 

La Street Photography n’est pas un genre mais une philosophie de vie. Je ne décide pas d’aller faire de la Street Photography comme si j’allais à la pêche. Je vis et je respire photo et que ce soit dans la rue, avec mes enfants ou mes amis, je photographie toujours de la même façon en essayant de capturer des moments. Que ce soit de parfaits inconnus ou des personnes que je connais. C’est aussi toujours avoir mon appareil photo avec moi. Je continue personnellement à me battre pour une définition à minima de la pratique car ça me gonfle toujours de voir n’importe quoi taggé “Street Photography”. 

 

~ o ~

 

 

My street Photography definition # 3

About manipulation of the image.

 

 

 

Cataclysm in the small microcosm of Street Photography. One of the oldest and emblematic collective, iN-PUBLiC is on the brink of implosion after deep disagreements regarding the definition of Street Photography. Let’s get back to the facts. Lately, a photo made by Blake Andrews was voted picture of the month by members votes. This photo was made using the panoramic mode of the iphone and presented in classic 3/2 format. We see very well that the photo has odd perspectives in addition to having distortions. Clearly this photo is not made to be presented in this way. Nick Turpin, the founder of iN-PUBLiC threatened to leave the collective he had himself created. Even to put an end to this collective by closing the website. Go on, we throw the bath water and the baby !

 

 

Let’s get back to the picture of the month of iN-PUBLiC. Frankly, the more I look at it and the more I think it is crapp and that at the end it only feeds the debate on what is Street Photography. If the members of this Collective voted for this photo for its intrinsic quality, they must have really bad tastes ! What I see here is just Buzz or at best, a way to spark debate on the definition of Street Photography. A few months ago, I started to work on this. I had already written two blogs on the subject. Not to define any dogma but to say what Street Photography meant to me. According to the feedback I received, quite a few people recognized themselves in what I was saying. It is almost impossible to make a definition engraved in marble as this practice is polymorphous. We must take the problem in reverse and at best we can define what Street Photography is not !

 

 

In my previous Blog, I was talking about Distortion of Reality. This distortion appears in the interpretation given to the scene going on under ones eyes. The manipulation of the image has nothing to do with the distortion. In today’s tools, it is quite easy to manipulate images by adding or removing elements to give more power to a photo. Steve McCurry was even caught in this unhealthy game (here). Since then, my esteem for this photographer has fallen very low. Doubt has hinted and I do not trust his pictures even the most emblematic … So you have the right to manipulate the image of the kind ? Some people are comfortable with it and could argue that they are just minor retouches that do not detract from the quality of the photo. Personally I do not agree. The manipulation of the image is no longer part of photography and especially in street photography. We must capture authentic moments with all the imperfections they entail. That’s the charm of street photography. We do not need it to be perfect, but we need it to be true. The difficulty of the practice is to get out of the chaos of the street photographs that are readable and understandable. There is a lot of waste. The border between a failed photo and a successful photo is very thin and very often a successful photo does not take much.

 

Steve McCurry © busted !

 

The picture of the month of iN-PUBLiC has yet been candidly done in the street and it is a moment that has been captured. So street photography or not ? The only manipulation that has taken place is the result of the image processing algorithm of the iphone. Blake Andrews captured this moment in the street and that’s the result. Recently I interviewed Michael Ernest Sweet, who was amused to take pictures with the Harinezumi which gives a lot of distortion to the photos. So street photos or not ? There too, there was no manipulation of the image. The result was generated by the device used. More examples : the use of a slow speed in street photography with all the blur that entails or the use of the flash. In the end Blake Andrews worked the same way. He used the device he had available to take a picture and it turns out that it was the iphone.

 

 

The problem we are facing now is that technology can do a lot of things in post-processing. Too many things may be. There is a big trend right now in street photography, it’s High Contrast. Whether in color or in B&W. I myself give in voluntarily because it must be said that it is pleasing to the eye. I even use it way too much, even if I try to get away from this kind of photos. Some will not like what I’m going to say but deep down, is not High Contrast a manipulation of the image ? By using this technique, we simplify by eliminating elements is in the dark parts, we highlight that what interests us and especially in no case this captured scene is faithful to what our eyes have seen. It’s like the B&W. Manipulation or interpretation of reality ? If I continue on my reasoning, one could argue that even adjustments of contrasts, clarity or anything else are the responsibility of image manipulation. Let’s say that as long as the image editing remain subtle, the question does not arise. I make myself a little advocate of the devil … When editing completely transform the scene, can not we consider that there is manipulation of the image ? We only have to post jpegs Straight Out Of The Camera (SOOC), so that’s more debate. Except that it is not possible ! Each manufacturer has its own algorithm for jpegs. Whether Nikon, Canon, Fuji, Pentax/Ricoh or Leica, each RAW will be interpreted differently in jpeg. Already at the time of the film, with the dodge and burn, we were already editing the photos. Nothing changed with Lightroom in the end.

 

Example of High Contrasted photograph.

 

With new technologies and new modes of shooting (soon Google Glass with possibility of taking pictures ?), We are brought to face such questions about the practice of Street Photography. For some, this debate is sterile. Everyone sets the rules he wants and does not care. Last year, on the forum of World-Street.Photography, I openned the debate after being fed up seeing staged photos posted on the site with the tag “Street Photography” to have the opinion of people who shared their photos on this platform. Guess what ? Very few reactions on the subject. In fact, people do not care (I left the site since then … ). I believe there is no more ethics in this genre. The big problem is that Street Photography is gradually becoming a tote making this label completely obsolete.

 

 

Street Photography is not a genre but a philosophy of life. I do not decide to do Street Photography as if I went fishing. I live and breathe Street and whether in the street, with my children or my friends, I always photograph the same way trying to capture moments. Whether perfect strangers or people I know. It’s also always having my camera with me. I personally continue to stand up for a minimal definition of the practice because it always bugs me to see anything tagged “Street Photography”.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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4 thoughts on “My street Photography definition # 3 : About manipulation of the image.

  • Vasco Trancoso

    “The reality that never existed”:
    I like to remember things my own way. […] How I remember them. Not necessarily the way they happened. “- Lost Highway (1997).
    “No individual photo explains anything. That’s what makes photography such a wonderful and problematic medium. It is the photographer’s job to get this medium to say what you need it to say. Because photography has a certain verisimilitude, it has gained a currency as truthful – but photographs have always been convincing lies.” – Stephen Leslie

    Photographs have been lying for a long time. There are also numerous known cases of analogue images where there has been “cheating”:
    Robert Capa (1936 – Falling Soldier); The Grief (Dmitri Balterman’s 1942); “Raising a flag over Reichstag” (Yevgeny Khaldei – 1945); Doisneau 1950 Le baiser de l’hôtel de ville; Ruth Orkin (American Girl in Italy – 1951); Fan Ho (Aproaching Shadow – 1954);

    Of course the invention of digital photography and the greater accessibility of photo editing software have made it much easier, more frequent and perfect to change / manipulate images. As a result people no longer have the same faith in photography as a receptacle of truth.
    Reportage Photo has been lying increasingly through more and more manipulation.
    In 2015, 22% of the 6,000 competitors to the World Press Photo Contest were eliminated because they passed the red line of manipulation (subtracting or adding objects to the original image).
    Of course the sense tells us that there should be a red line. Above all, do not add or subtract elements that did not exist in the image. For the rest it seems appropriate to use the tools of Lightroom as before when doing dodge and burn in analogue photos.
    Cartier-Bresson and other great analogue-era photographers did not spare the dodge and burn experts to work on their images. I remember Dennis Stock’s iconic portrait of James Dean in Times Square and the work of Inirio from Magum.

    Today the act of photographing with any device is always linked to algorithms. If we must have an absolute fidelity to what our eyes see as reality then maybe someone radical should also consistently “ban” also B&W photography because it does not convey reality as we see it.
    Sometimes I think that the main problem with “Street Photography” is the stubbornness of some people who try to impose and generalize their own definition as a canonical rule that the world of photographers must follow. Definition that reflects only his own way to seeing and photographing.

    When you are framing you are already changing the apparent reality because you have isolated only a small part that can lead us to see something different from what actually happened.
    Each photograph is a fiction that is presented as true. Against what they have made us believe and against what we think, photography always lies. Because reality is a lie of our senses, in consequence, photography is a lie about a lie.

    I am sure that great photographers (such as Garry Winogrand) of the past were not concerned with definitions while photographing. So they did a good job.

    I think that after all it will be necessary to have prudence and sense – as in everything in life.

    The documentary impulse is always at a crossroads where the divergent roads of Creativity and Fidelity leave. And I think it would not be a good choice to give up from Creativity.

    • Jeff Chane-Mouye Post author

      I still believe that some kind of definition is necessary. Not to define a dogma but to avoid some practice. As I stated in my Blog, it’s quite difficult, but we can agree on what Street Photography is not. I’ve already listed a few things in my previous Blogs. I understand people trying to provide a definition like Nick Turpin because I’m fed up with seeing anything tagged SP. But I’m not Don Quichotte fighting against windmills. I know that people don’t care much and they just go their way, which is fine if these people have a little litteracy in SP, but as you know it’s not the case. I guess that MY definition is pretty much shared by a lot of street photographers. I also believe in a Street mindset. It’s a kind of way of life, embracing the mundane, being curious and being attentive to ephemeral moments.

  • John Harper

    I’m going to leave this discussion to you and Vasco, two people who know their stuff. However, I am going to write up something on my blog. I wouldn’t comment on whether that image on iN-PUBLIC is good or bad (my wife just looked and declared it utter rubbish), it’s subjective. I will say that I’ve never rated Steve McCurry, not a fan of that Afghan Girl shot and that ruined it for me as far as he’s concerned. Street Photography shouldn’t be policed, if it’s going to be then the police ought to have an open mind…photography like everything else evolves, otherwise it’d only be acceptable if a pinhole camera was used. Categories and hashtags – just look at IG, anything hashtag black and white is full of colour photos, it’s almost meaningless.

    Always a compelling read from you Jeff, thanks for taking time to share your thoughts with the rest of us.

    • Jeff Chane-Mouye Post author

      Some manifestos have been writen to try to define Street Photography. I remembred that one : http://street-photography-manifest-blog.tumblr.com/ . I pretty much agree whith what is said in it. Is it worth defining the genre if ever it’s a genre ? For whom ? For what some might say. I gave my definition of MY Street Photography. Some will disagree and some will see the same vision as them. Of course it’s a subjective thing and each one of us has his own definition. But as I said, we pretty agree on what SP is not.
      Regarding the picture of the month of iN-PUBLiC, the problem here lies in the distortion created by an algorythm and not what Blake Edwards saw in the street. It’s pure randomness. Should we embrace this kind of pictures, not for what they are (it’s still candid, from the street and a moment) but for how they were made ? We all agree that this pic is pure crap